India ranks first in the world in respect of acreage, accounting for 31.8 percent of the world total and second in terms of the production. In India Uttar Pradesh alone produces about 60 percent of total mustard producion of India.

  Climatic Requirements

Mustard is the crop of tropical as well as temperate zones and require somewhat cool and dry weather for satisfactory growth. They require a fair supply of moisture during the growing period and a dry clear weather at the time of maturity. These crops are not drought tolerant. They require an annual precipitation of 35-45 centimeter.

  Season

In India they are grown in Rabi season from September-October to February-March.

  Soil

Mustard is capable of growing under a wide range of soil conditions varying from sandy loam to clay loam soils but they thrive best on light loam soils. They neither tolerate waterlogging conditions nor do well on heavy soils.

  Variety

For increasing the productivity of mustard crop, the improved varieties which are capable of giving high yields should be cultivated. Selection of varieties depends mainly on the following factors:

• Method Of Sowing
• Crop Rotation
• Pest and Disease
• Irrigration Facilities
• Climatic Conditions